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HTML entities

HTML Entities

HTML Entities

Some characters are reserver in html.

If you use the less than (<) or greater than (&gt) signs in your text, the browser might mix them with tags.

character entities are used to display reserved characters in html.

A character entity looks like this:

&entity_name;

OR

&#entity_number

To display a less than sign (<) we must write: &lt; or &#60;

Advantages of using an entity name: An entity name is easy to remember.

Disadvantages of using an entity name: Browsers may not support all entity names, but the support for entity numbers is good.

Some usefull HTML Character Entities

Result Description Entity Name Entity Number
non-breaking space &nbsp; &amp#160;
< less than &lt; &#60;
> greater than &gt; &#62;
& ampersand &amp; &38;
" double quotation mark &quot; &#34
' single quotation mark
(apostrope)		 &apos; &#39;
¢ cent &cent; &#162;
£ pound &pound; &#163;
¥ yen &yen; &#165;
€ euro &euro; &#8364;
© copy &copyright &#169;
® registerd trademark &reg; &#174;

Note: Entity names are case sensitive.

Combining Diacritical Marks

A Diacritical mark is a "glyph" added to a letter.
Some diacritical marks, like grave(̀) and acute (́) are called accents;

Diacritical marks can appear both above and below a letter, inside a letter, and between two letters.

Diacritical marks can be used in combination with alphanumeric characters to produce a character that is not present in the character set (encodin) used int the page.

Here are some examples:

Mark Character Constants Result
̀ a a&#768; a&#768
́ a a&#769; á
̂ a a&#770; â
̃ a a&#771; ã
̀ O O&#769; Õ
́ O O&#769; Ó
̂ O O&#770; Ô
̃ O O&#771; Õ

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